Documenting Loans to Closely-Held Corporations

Documenting Loans To Closely-held Corporations

In Norgaard v. United States, No. 16-12107-FDS (D. Mass. 2018), the court addressed whether a personal loan made to a closely held corporation can be deducted as a bad debt when the business goes out of business. The case highlights why it is important to document loans made to corporations. The Facts & Procedural History…

Limited Window of Time to Structure Divorce Settlements

Limited Window Of Time To Structure Divorce Settlements

The tax deduction and income provisions for alimony have been repealed for divorce decrees entered into after December 31, 2018 or for earlier divorces where the agreements are modified after that date. This gives married couples and formerly married couples a window of time to structure or restructure their agreements to reduce their overall taxes.…

Misappropriated Money Subject to Tax, Even if No Criminal Violation

Misappropriated Money Subject To Tax, Even If No Criminal Violation

The proceeds of criminal activities are taxable income. Money that is embezzled from an employer is taxable to the embezzling employee. But what about money transferred between friends with the agreement that one of them will invest the funds, but he instead uses the funds personally and in doing so did not violate a criminal…

Court: IRS Cannot Apply New Law Based on Conduct Predating the Law

Court: Irs Cannot Apply New Law Based On Conduct Predating The Law

In Rafizadeah v. Commissioner, 150 T.C. No. 1 (2018), the court concluded that the IRS made a late assessment of tax and penalties. The case turns on whether the IRS can benefit from the longer six-year assessment period based on an information return filing that the law did not obligate the taxpayer to make at…

Family Cattle Operation Denied Tax Deductions

Family Cattle Operation Denied Tax Deductions

In Barnhart Ranch Co. v. Commissioner, No. 16-60834 (5th Cir. 2017), the court considered who was entitled to deduct expenses for cattle that were descended from cattle the taxpayers inherited and other cattle that were subsequently purchased. The case shows how important it is to implement an accounting system to capture income and expenses in…

No Interest & Penalties on Restitution Assessments

No Interest & Penalties On Restitution Assessments

The IRS can assess criminal restitution as if it is a tax tax. But can it assess interest and penalties on the restitution as it would a tax? The IRS policy is to do just that. The court addressed this in Klein v. Commissioner, 149 T.C. 341 (2017), concluding that the IRS policy violates the…

Valuation of Management Fees Paid by Related Parties

Court Says Deduction For Tax Loss Not Allowed For Worthless Debt

Related party transactions can raise difficult tax questions. This is especially true for management fees paid by one legal entity to another legal entity that has the same or similar owners or that are controlled by the same owners. As noted in the recent Wycoff v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 2017-203 case, related-party management fees often…

IRS Rejects Court’s Passive Activity Loss 5% Owner and Grouping Decision

Irs Rejects Court’s Passive Activity Loss 5% Owner And Grouping Decision

The passive activity loss (“PAL”) rules can limit the ability to deduct losses from passive activities, such as rental losses.  The real estate professional and activity grouping rules can allow taxpayers to avoid having their losses limited by the PAL rules.   Earlier this month, the IRS issued AOD  2017-007, IRB 2017-42, to note its formal…

Facts Needed to Support a Bad Debt Deduction

Court Says Deduction For Tax Loss Not Allowed For Worthless Debt

When taxpayers claim a deduction for a bad debt, it can trigger an audit by the IRS. The IRS has a vested interest in ensuring that taxpayers are not taking advantage of tax laws to reduce their tax liability. As a result, they will closely scrutinize bad debt deductions to ensure that they meet the…

Mortgage Broker Not a Real Estate Professional

Irs Penalties For Late-filed Forms 5471

The passive activity loss rules can prevent real estate investors from being able to deduct their real estate losses.  That is the intent and purpose of the rules.  The rules and how they have been interpreted draw some known but arbitrary lines in the sand.  The recent Hickam v. Commissioner, T.C. Summary Opinion 2017-66, case…